http://hdl.handle.net/2142/862 9th Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing (1972). Edited by F. Wilfrid Lancaster http://hdl.handle.net/2142/876 On-line interactive systems in libraries, now and in the future Warheit, I.A. For the sake of clarity one can discuss on-line interactive systems with reference to their technology, their economics, and their application and utilization, even though all these aspects are obviously intertwined and inseparable. They will, however, be considered separately. On-line, interactive systems were conceived long ago, even before computers. Vannevar Bush's Memex was essentially an on-line interactive system, as were the first teaching machines. What is considered the first computer-based interactive systems were implemented by M. I. T. in its SAGE system which responded to RADAR signals. From a practical, economically feasible point of view, however, certain technological developments were necessary before on-line processing could be widely adopted. Libraries --Automation Online data processing http://hdl.handle.net/2142/875 On-line technology in a library network Pizer, Irwin H. The advantages of computers in libraries, although not a supposition which one can afford to accept blindly, are as real as the advantages gained from the other pieces of mechanical equipment which have become everyday tools for accomplishing libraries' objectives. A major difference, however, is that a library's investment in computers, attendant staff, supplies, etc., is so much greater in terms of time, money, and energy, and in general commitment to examine minutely the operations the computer is to perform, that the comparison with other machines seems less valid. It is not a crisis if a system planned around a tape-operated typewriter does not work and one is forced to return to a more traditional method. The situations are similar in that it is not necessarily the technology at fault, but perhaps the technique. One might call the problem "The fault, dear Brutus, . . . syndrome." Libraries --Automation Online data processing http://hdl.handle.net/2142/874 On-line real-time self-service circulation at Northwestern University Paulukonis, Joseph T. Before discussing circulation, some background on the situation at Northwestern University might be in order. In the first half of 1967, a detailed study of all the library's operations was made because it was obvious that some changes were necessary. Over the years, many procedures had degenerated and were now being done primarily because they had been done that way before. The results of the study indicated that a new approach was needed; a completely integrated system should be developed and maintained. It was further apparent that only a system that was efficient and responsive would have substantial impact on the library's operations. Only one direction appeared to provide a possible solution an on-line, real-time system. Libraries --Automation Online data processing Libraries --Circulation http://hdl.handle.net/2142/873 Shawnee Mission's on-line cataloging system: The first two years Miller, Ellen Wasby Hodges, B.J. The last detailed article about the Shawnee Mission (Kansas) Public Schools' library system was written during the summer of 1970 and published in March 1971. This paper reports major events from April 1970 through March 1972. It quantitatively describes the on-line system, discusses management issues, and reports on plans for future development. Given the general dearth of continuous quantitative and qualitative reporting about library computer applications, it is hoped that this second article will be followed by later performance analyses. Periodic reporting is particularly critical in library areas with relatively little automation, such as school and medium-sized libraries. Libraries --Automation Online data processing School libraries http://hdl.handle.net/2142/872 Automation, or Russian Roulette? Mason, Ellsworth I feel somewhat like Daniel must have felt in the lions' den, and if I respond in something like an ominous roar, let me make clear that I address myself primarily to card-carrying, dogmatically convinced computerators who have wrapped themselves in the security blanket of the computer, and do not dare to think about the basic problem that it presents to librarianship. If this kind of computerator gets mad at some of the things I say, it is because his ego is involved in the computer, the worst form of slavery for man; if he does not, it indicates he is still capable of independent thought about the basic problems, and there is some hope. Libraries --Automation http://hdl.handle.net/2142/871 On-line serial control at UCLA Fayollat, James As is generally the case with libraries in the physical and life sciences fields, particularly in research-oriented institutions, journals and periodicals are the mainstay of the library services. In order to adequately cover the scope and range of materials required by the service function, the library maintains subscriptions to about 6,500 journals. The goal is to collect all important materials within scope which are published throughout the world. Recognizing the potential of automation to handle the large quantities of data entailed by our periodical operations, we became one of the first libraries to enlist the use of the computer to manage our files of journal information when the initial efforts at systems design and programming were begun in 1963. By 1966 a machine-readable file had been prepared and initial listing and updating capabilities were operational. By the end of 1969 we had developed an integrated card and tape oriented batch process system to handle our check-in, claiming, and binding operations, and in that year published our first annual serials holdings list in conjunction with the Regional Medical Library operations. Libraries --Automation Online data processing Libraries --Serial control http://hdl.handle.net/2142/870 Summary of the Clinic Evans, Glyn T. In this paper I want to indicate the significant elements in the papers and demonstrations given at this clinic and then speculate on some of their implications. The first significant fact is that there have been reports and demonstrations. Examples of successful applications of on-line technology to a variety of jobs which cut across the board of library operations-from acquisitions, cataloging and serials control, through two circulation systems, to the retrieval of biomedical information have been heard and seen. Libraries --Automation Online data processing http://hdl.handle.net/2142/869 A user's view of BALLOTS Epstein, A.H. Veaner, Allen B. BALLOTS (Bibliographic Automation of Large Library Operations using a Time -sharing System) is an on-line interactive library automation system that supports the acquisition and cataloging functions of the Stanford University Libraries' technical processing operations. The BALLOTS system is being implemented in a series of eleven modules. A large part of BALLOTS' development up to the development of the first module was funded by a grant from the U.S. Office of Education, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. This paper describes the first module, BALLOTS-MARC (or simply, the MARC module), and various aspects of system hardware and software as they pertain to this module. The MARC module was scheduled for implementation in the late summer of 1972. The other modules are briefly described at the end of this paper. Libraries --Automation Online data processing Machine readable bibliographic data MARC formats http://hdl.handle.net/2142/868 LOLITA: An on-line book order and fund accounting system Baker, Robert Auld, Lawrence W.S. LOLITA is the project name for the on-line book order and fund accounting system developed by the Oregon State University Library and used since mid-March 1970. Although designed primarily to handle monograph orders, serials and binding are included in the fund accounting portion. This paper will discuss approximately two years of production work with LOLITA: the changes in the work load caused by LOLITA, the effects on the overall acquisitions program, program revisions, and operating costs. Online data processing Libraries --Automation Libraries --Aquisitions http://hdl.handle.net/2142/867 The Ohio State on-line circulation system Atkinson, Hugh C. To simply expand the staff and the concomitant files and checkout desks seemed to be both inappropriate and unlikely to receive funding from the University budget authority. Furthermore, due to inflation, the costs of personnel were rising at an enormous rate. The libraries therefore decided to design an automated circulation system in order to recapture some of the lost circulation and to provide a system which would be expandable in the future at minimal cost. As the requirements for the system were designed it became clear that the system should be one which would speak to the problems of its users rather than simply the problems of the library. The most common user complaint arose from attempts to borrow materials from the library only to discover that the materials were either not owned by the library or were checked out. Another common complaint was that to locate a spectrum of materials on such a large campus and in a library situation which was fairly decentralized was a frustrating and time-consuming operation; a trip from the main library where the union catalog (wherein all the books on the campus are listed) is located, to another library would often prove fruitless since the materials were either checked out or the patron had gone to the wrong library. Libraries --Automation Online data processing Libraries --Circulation