http://hdl.handle.net/2142/941 13th Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing (1976). Edited by J.L. Divilbiss http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1076 Performance measures in automated systems management West, Martha W. Butler, Brett When first approached as a possible speaker on the subject of performance benefit measures for library automation, my immediate reaction was that there are no such measures. Considerable cogitation, consultation, and survey of the literature hasn't made me change my mind, but my coauthor has convinced me that there is a beginning to the development of such measures in the actual management of automated systems today. This, then, is the thrust of our paper. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Assessment Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1075 Cost advantages of total system development Veneziano, Velma Aagaard, James S. The question we will consider in this paper is whether, at the end of a decade of effort to harness computers to the needs of libraries, it is economically feasible and operationally practical for an individual library to design and operate its own in-house automated system. At Northwestern University Library, the answer is both yes and no, but more yes than no. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Integrated library system Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1074 The economics of automated circulation Thorson, A. Robert The title of this presentation is listed in the official program as "The Economics of Automated Circulation." A more accurate title might be "The Economics of Automated Circulation the OSU Experience."Theadded subtitle is important because it is my intent to limit discussion to cost factors involved with the development and maintenance of LCS at The Ohio State University (OSU). LCS originally stood for Library Circulation System, but has subsequently come to mean Library Control System. The purpose of this paper is not to justify the sizable monetary expenditures which were, and are, necessary to develop and maintain LCS, but rather to state as accurately as possible how much the system costs (both historically and currently), and to describe the benefits OSU library patrons and library administrators are receiving from the system. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Library circulation Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1073 Cost analysis of automation in technical services Ross, Ryburn M. This paper has several purposes: (1) to determine the relationship of automation costs of technical services in a large research library to the total library resource allocations; (2) to describe Cornell University Libraries' history of automation efforts and the accompanying cost experiences; (3) to review a specific cost analysis for processing monographs in a large technical services group; (4) to review productivity measurement of library staff involved in processing; and (5) to propose some general management planning information techniques to measure the performance of technical services staff. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Cost analysis Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1072 Cost analysis and reporting as a basis for decisions Price, Douglas S. To avoid any aura of misrepresentation, let me remind you at the outset that I am not a librarian. My background is in information systems, and when I discuss specifics of cost analysis a bit later, most of the examples and techniques will be drawn from that background. However, I would also remind you perhaps unnecessarily that libraries are information systems. They are the oldest, the most widespread and the broadest in scope of all information systems, and while they differ markedly from what we generally identify as information systems, their basic purpose is the same and there are many parallels and similarities. Because you are the librarians, I will, on the whole, have to leave it to you to translate what I have to say into the library frame of reference, although I have been told by many librarians over the last five years that it can and should be done. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Cost analysis Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1071 The economics of computer output media Malincanico, S. Michael Information not transferred to some sentient recipient is of no particular value, at least of no direct concern to us in this clinic. A library is in simplest terms merely a warehouse for information, albeit information in a very particular form: in recorded form. Our concern at this clinic is with methods of delivering information to a user or, more accurately, information about the information contained in the warehouse. Information can only be transmitted by effecting a modulation in some medium. These modulations can be divided into two classes: those which are primarily temporal, and those which are primarily spatial. As with any such simple model, the distinctions are never so clear in practice. Nonetheless, we can speak of temporally modulated messages as short-duration messages (e.g., sound waves carrying language, or light waves carrying images), while printed information might be thought of as spatial modulations used to encode characters on some medium. It should be obvious that long-duration messages must be transduced into short-duration messages before they can be received by a human. The advantages of long-duration messages are obvious: the activity necessary to synthesize new information from primitive elements must be performed only once; the products of this synthesis can be delivered to many users separated in space and time from each other and from the author; and furthermore, users can choose to accept the information when they are ready to do so. While long-duration messages permit efficient and economical distribution of information, this advantage is decreasing as a result of advances in computers. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Digital media Computer output media Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1070 The economics of library computerization Kilgour, Frederick G. In talking about the economics of library computerization I will answer the question: What is meant by the economics of library computerization? The economics that I am concerned with is scientific economics, the study of how men in society elect to use limited resources for the production of goods and services. The three fundamental economic questions in any society are: What is to be produced? How is it to be produced? For whom is it to be produced? The same questions apply to librarianship and to library computerization. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1069 The economics of catalog conversion Gorman, Michael The title of this paper is as daunting to the person who must deliver it as it probably is to those who must listen to it. The topic of catalog conversion is a scattered one; it is something that has been carried out in recent years in a variety of different institutions and in a number of different ways. Major studies, such as the RECON and CONSER studies, have been made but no single method has emerged as the best and most economical. As a result, although the literature of the subject is extensive, the hard statistical and economic data contained within that literature are conflicting and, of course, are constantly being falsified by technological advancements on the one hand, and the ever-present inflation in the Western world on the other. What I wish to do in this paper, therefore, is to sketch the processes involved in catalog conversion, and secondly to try to indicate the relative economic factors which apply to the various processes and strategies involved. I shall focus on one particular conversion project carried out within the British Library for which I had some responsibility, and I trust that this project will yield relevant information to librarians wishing to convert catalogs in the United States. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Online catalog Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1067 The impact of computers on book and journal publication Folk, Hugh Rising wages have made the cost of composition and printing editions of a few thousand copies exorbitant. Rising book and journal prices have contributed to the rising operating expenses of libraries. At the same time, the volume of scientific and technical literature is increasing rapidly and the publication and library system is increasingly incapable of satisfying user needs. Electronic publication of scientific and technical literature is technically feasible. One machine-readable copy of a document may be stored in a computer and accessed at any remote location by a user with a computer terminal. Current costs of preparing a machine-readable text, storing it on a computer, communicating with the remote computer, and computer time for the user to read or print the document are low enough that, for many applications in scientific publishing, a computer-based system may be less expensive than the existing paper-and-ink system. Rapidly decreasing computer and communications costs indicate that electronic publication will be increasingly cost-effective compared to alternative systems. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Publishing Book publishing Journal publishing Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2142/1068 The economics of book catalog production Freedman, Maurice J. In the Proceedings of the 1966 Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing appeared the article "Computer Applications to Book Catalogs and Library Systems." In that article, Donald Stromberg writes, "Advancements in technology will make [book catalog] service economical on a wide basis." Today, I speak of the book catalog not as a tool of the future coming into being, but of its path to aphelion and its return to Coventry. Book catalogs were on the scene prior to the appearance of card catalogs, and we now see two major expressions of bibliographic information pushing the printed book catalog out of the important position it played in the 1960s and early 1970s. First, the book catalog-like medium, the microform catalog, is currently forcing the printed catalog out of libraries, and some observers are even predicting that the microform catalog, or, more precisely, the Computer Output Microfilm (COM) catalog, will completely replace the printed catalog within the next few years. Second, the on-line catalog as a tool for the library user (as distinct from the library staff) will have a heavy impact on the continued use of book catalogs as the on-line terminal is moved out of the back room and into the public service areas. Libraries --Automation Libraries --Economics Library science --Data processing Library catalog Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT