Just as artificial limbs replace the physical function of a missing arm or leg, small molecule surrogates acting as prosthetics on the molecular scale could replace protein functions that are either dysfunctional or absent ...

In case of an injury platelets become activated and proper interaction of blood clotting proteins with membranes of activated platelets is essential for maintaining a balanced hemostasis. Hemophilia and thrombosis are the ...

Since the discovery of nucleic acid enzymes and aptamers that can perform functional roles other than storing genetic information; a new paradigm in nucleic acid chemistry has been opened. In 1990 the first artificially ...

CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 are the key cytochromes P450 involved in steroidogenesis. Mutations causing hypo- or hyper-activation of both these enzymes results in diseased states, including cancers. In addition to carrying out ...

Genomic era begins with development of sequencing methods. Genome sequencing is now cost-effective and fast, giving rise to increasing amounts of genomic data. However, the function of 1% of the deposited sequences have ...

Protein-membrane interactions are a critical component of the coagulation cascade. For many coagulation factors, these interactions are mediated via γ-carboxyglutamate rich regions, or GLA domains, in a Ca2+-dependent ...

Adhesion proteins maintain cell-cell interactions, which are critical for tissue formation and the hierarchical organization of all multicellular organisms, and among them, cadherins are the major transmembrane cell-cell ...

Natural products are chemical compounds that are synthesized by living organisms and have biological and pharmacological functions. Many natural products or their derivatives have been successfully developed as pharmaceuticals ...

Integrins are a family of transmembrane receptors that mediate cell-cell and cell-extra cellular matrix (ECM) interaction and signaling. Inside-out activation of integrin receptors often requires the binding of the cytoplasmic ...