Entrainment, the process by which turbulent clouds introduce dry air from outside the cloud inward via overturning eddies at the cloud edge, can decrease the cloud buoyancy, and the water and/or ice mass it contains, ...

Considerable efforts have been made in recent decades to diagnose how the climate of our planet is changing in response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing. There are considerable risks associated with a warming climate, ...

Trapp et al. (2017, JAS) used idealized model simulations of supercell thunderstorms to demonstrate support of their hypothesis that wide, intense tornadoes should form more readily out of wide, rotating updrafts. ...

Clouds continue to contribute the largest uncertainty to estimates and interpretations of the Earth's energy budget, and their representation in climate models has been recognized for decades as a dominant source of ...

Skillful subseasonal-to-seasonal (hereafter S2S; 10 days - 12 weeks) prediction can greatly benefit decision-making on resource management and agricultural planning that falls into the weekly to seasonal time ranges. The ...

One of the most notable ways the Laurentian Great Lakes impact the region’s climate is by augmenting snowfall in downwind locations during autumn and winter months. Among many negative consequences, this surplus of snow ...

Observing precipitation in tropical regions of complex terrain is a challenging problem. While ground-based instrumentation including rain gauge networks and radar data offer some insights, the lack of spatially complete ...

Before the Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO) field campaign that took place near Antigua and Barbuda from 2004-2005, it was thought that most trade wind cumulus clouds do not precipitate. The main goal of the RICO ...

Mesoscale models that predict the temporal evolution of tropical cyclones (TCs) are sensitive to the representation of cloud microphysical processes through their effect on modeled latent heat release. The cloud parameterizations ...

The Beaufort Anticyclone is the dominate pressure feature over the Arctic Ocean in all seasons and has a large influence on the surface wind regime and sea-ice motion. Sea level pressure (SLP) from the NCAR/NCEP Reanalysis ...