In the contemporary semiconductor industry, with the ever-growing demand for smaller, denser, and newer device features, various industrial and academic research groups across the world are looking beyond the conventional ...

Typically semiconductor materials used for photonic devices have been limited to those exhibiting a direct bandgap. In order to incorporate indirect bandgap and non-semiconducting materials, extensive research efforts have ...

In biological and environmental applications, it is desirable to be able to measure hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations (pH levels). Conventionally, the measurement processes take a considerable amount of time involving ...