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Asymmetric Lewis base catalysis: I. Lewis base catalyzed halogenation and development of an enantioselective bromocycloetherification reaction; II. enantioselective addition of silyl ketene imines to carbonyl electrophiles
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| Title: | Asymmetric Lewis base catalysis: I. Lewis base catalyzed halogenation and development of an enantioselective bromocycloetherification reaction; II. enantioselective addition of silyl ketene imines to carbonyl electrophiles |
| Author(s): | Burk, Matthew |
| Director of Research: | Denmark, Scott E. |
| Doctoral Committee Chair(s): | Denmark, Scott E. |
| Doctoral Committee Member(s): | White, Maria C.; van der Donk, Wilfred A.; Rauchfuss, Thomas B. |
| Department / Program: | Chemistry |
| Discipline: | Chemistry |
| Degree Granting Institution: | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign |
| Degree: | Ph.D. |
| Genre: | Dissertation |
| Subject(s): |
enantioselective
Halogenation chlorination bromination iodination chlorolactonization chloroetherification chlorocyloetherification bromolactonization bromoetherification bromocycloetherification iodolactonization iodoetherification iodocycloetherification halonium haliranium bromonium bromiranium chloronium chloriranium solvolysis racemization olefin-to-olefin transfer Lewis base chiral chiral Lewis base Lewis base catalysis Silicon tetrachloride silyl ketene imine aldol germanium crossed aldol kinetics chiral Bronsted acid |
| Abstract: | The stereochemical stability of bromonium and chloronium ions has been investigated in the context of asymmetric catalysis. Bromonium ions have been found to racemize in the presence of olefins by an olefin to olefin transfer process. Chloronium ions do not racemize under the same conditions. The applicability of Lewis base catalysis to bromo- and iodo- cyclization has been investigated. A variety of Lewis bases with sulfur and selenium donors atoms were found to be effective catalysts. Some of these Lewis bases altered the observed ratio of product isomers, implying that they were present in the stereodetermining transition state and therefore had the capacity to produce asymmetric induction despite racemization of the halonium intermediate. Efforts to develop an enantioselective catalyst system based on this principle were unsuccessful, however the combination of an achiral Lewis base and a chiral phosphoric acid enabled a catalytic enantioselective bromoetherification of aryl-pentenols to be developed. Highly enantioselective additions of silyl ketene imines to aromatic aldehydes under SiCl4/chiral Lewis base catalysis were demonstrated. Additions of silyl ketene imines to aliphatic aldehydes were demonstrated with moderate to high enantioselectivity. |
| Issue Date: | 2012-09-18 |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2142/34528 |
| Rights Information: | Copyright 2012 Matthew Burk |
| Date Available in IDEALS: | 2012-09-18 |
| Date Deposited: | 2012-08 |
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Dissertations and Theses - Chemistry
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Graduate Theses and Dissertations at Illinois
Graduate Theses and Dissertations at Illinois
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