Knock-Out Heart

Abstract

This is a microscopic view of a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tissue sample taken from the prostate of a mouse. The estrogen receptor gene, ER-, is "knocked out, a process that inactivates a specific gene, to interrogate its function. As a result,the enlarged wall of prostate glands caves in on the lumen, the cavity of a tubular structure, creating unique shapes even such as heart. A simple dying technique such as H&E staining provides limitless visual information that enables definitive pathological diagnosis. Many of the genes function(s) are still being explored and thus, remain an active area of research. This genetic engineering technique allows me to examine the roles of a specific estrogen receptor gene in reproductive organs where I often look at morphological changes in response to gene knockout. Scientists draw inferences from the difference between the knockout organism and normal individuals.By elucidating functions of the gene related to reproduction disorders, the problems will be more accurately addressed and therapies will advance to benefit people facing reproduction complications.