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 Title: A Numerical Model for Flux Decline During the Crossflow Ultrafiltration of Colloidal Suspensions Author(s): Lee, Yonghun Doctoral Committee Chair(s): Clark, Mark M. Department / Program: Civil and Environmental Engineering Discipline: Civil and Environmental Engineering Degree Granting Institution: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Degree: Ph.D. Genre: Dissertation Subject(s): Environmental Sciences Abstract: Mass transfer during crossflow ultrafiltration is mathematically expressed using the two-dimensional convective-diffusion equation. Numerical simulations showed that mass transfer in crossflow filtration quickly reaches a steady-state for constant boundary conditions. Hence, the unsteady nature of the permeate flux decline must be caused by changes in the hydraulic boundary condition at the membrane surface due to cake formation during filtration. A step-wise pseudo steady-state model was developed to predict the flux decline due to concentration polarization during crossflow ultrafiltration. An iterative algorithm was employed to predict the amount of flux decline for each finite time interval until the true steady-state permeate flux is established. For model verification, crossflow filtration of monodisperse polystyrene latex suspensions ranging from 0.064 to 2.16 $\mu$m in diameter was studied under constant transmembrane pressure mode. Besides the crossflow filtration tests, dead-end filtration tests were also carried out to independently determine a model parameter, the specific cake resistance. Another model parameter, the effective diffusion coefficient, is defined as the sum of molecular and shear-induced hydrodynamic diffusion coefficients. The step-wise pseudo steady-state model predictions are in good agreement with experimental results of flux decline during crossflow ultrafiltration of colloidal suspensions. Experimental variations in particle size, feed concentration, and crossflow velocity were also effectively modeled. Issue Date: 1998 Type: Text Language: English Description: 120 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1998. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/83455 Other Identifier(s): (MiAaPQ)AAI9904523 Date Available in IDEALS: 2015-09-25 Date Deposited: 1998
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