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        <datestamp>2026-02-10</datestamp>
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          <dc:description>Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01</dc:description>
          <dc:description>The student, Barbara Camila Bogarin Cantero, accepted the attached license on 2025-07-16 at 07:53.</dc:description>
          <dc:description>The student, Barbara Camila Bogarin Cantero, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2025-07-16 at 08:04.</dc:description>
          <dc:description>This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2025-07-18 at 10:34.</dc:description>
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          <dc:title>Nutrient solution synthesis of the aqueous phase of hydrothermal liquefaction</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Bogarin Cantero, Barbara Camila</dc:creator>
          <dc:date>2025-07-18</dc:date>
          <dc:contributor>Davidson, Paul</dc:contributor>
          <dc:contributor>Davidson, Paul</dc:contributor>
          <dc:contributor>Zhang, Yuanhui</dc:contributor>
          <dc:contributor>Kalita, Prasanta</dc:contributor>
          <dc:contributor>Li, Yalin</dc:contributor>
          <dc:subject>Htl-ap</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Electrolysis</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Inorganic Nitrogen</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Additives</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Recirculation</dc:subject>
          <dc:subject>Bacteria</dc:subject>
          <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
          <dc:description>The valorization of the aqueous phase of Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL-AP), a byproduct rich in organic compounds, presents a promising opportunity for resource recovery and environmental sustainability. This study investigates the chemical and biological treatment of HTL-AP to enhance its valorization. Initially, the feasibility of an advanced chemical treatment (electrolysis) on the HTL-AP to recover plant-available nutrients was tested. Later, the effects of altering operational parameters, such as adding sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate, adjusting the recirculation rate, and optimizing the chemical breakdown of organic nitrogen into plant-available nutrients, are explored. In the final stage of the process, nitrifying bacteria are introduced to assess their ability further to convert ammonia-nitrogen into nitrate-nitrogen in the aqueous phase. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of how combined chemical and biological treatments can be utilized to valorize HTL-AP, offering a sustainable solution for the management of HTL byproducts and the recovery of valuable resources from waste.</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2025-08</dc:date>
          <dc:type>Text</dc:type>
          <dc:identifier>https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130192</dc:identifier>
          <dc:rights>Copyright 2025 Barbara Camila Bogarin Cantero</dc:rights>
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            <department>Engineering Administration</department>
            <discipline>Agricultural &amp; Biological Engr</discipline>
            <grantor>University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign</grantor>
            <name>Ph.D.</name>
            <level>Dissertation</level>
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