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Stein, Hans H. Almeida, Ferdinando 2010-05-19T18:38:27Z 2010-05-19T18:38:27Z 2010-05-19T18:38:27Z Six experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of microbial phytase on the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in soybean meal (SBM), corn, and corn co-products. The objective of Exp. 1 was to measure the STTD of P in SBM, corn, and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) without and with the addition of microbial phytase (Optiphos 2000, Enzyvia, Sheridan, IN). Two SBM based diets, 2 corn based diets, and 2 DDGS based diets were formulated to contain microbial phytase at a level of 0 or 500 phytase units (FTU) per kg. Soybean meal, corn, and DDGS were the only sources of P in the diets. A P-free diet was also formulated to measure the basal endogenous P losses (EPL) from pigs. Addition of phytase improved (P < 0.01) the STTD of P in SBM and corn, but did not improve the STTD of P in DDGS. Values measured for the STTD of P in Exp. 1 were used to formulate diets that were used in Exp. 2 and 3. The objectives of Exp. 2 and 3 were to test the hypothesis that pigs fed diets that are equal in STTD of P will perform equally well regardless of the concentration of total P in the diets, and that the addition of microbial phytase, DDGS, or a combination of phytase and DDGS will result in a reduction in P excretion. Four corn-SBM based diets were formulated and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 levels of phytase (0 or 500 FTU/kg) and 2 levels of DDGS (0 or 20%). All diets contained 0.32% STTD P according to the STTD values that were measured in Exp. 1. Experiment 2 was a growth performance study. Results showed that inclusion of phytase to the diet containing no DDGS tended (P < 0.10) to decrease G:F, but inclusion of 20% DDGS to the diets tended (P < 0.10) to increase ADG, ADFI, and final BW. Experiment 3 was a P balance study in which the 4 diets from Exp. 2 were used. Phytase and DDGS increased (P < 0.01) the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P in the diets. Absorption of P was greater (P < 0.05) for pigs fed corn-SBM-DDGS diets than for pigs fed corn-SBM diets, and phytase, DDGS, or the combination of phytase and DDGS, reduced (P < 0.01) P excretion. In Exp. 4 and 5, the objectives were to test the effect of a novel bacterial 6-phytase expressed in a strain of Aspergillus oryzae (Ronozyme HiPhos, DSM Nutritional Products, Parsippany, NJ) on the ATTD of P in corn-SBM diets fed to weanling and growing pigs, and to estimate the minimum level of phytase needed to maximize the ATTD of P. For both experiments, 6 diets were formulated (positive control, negative control, and negative control + 4 levels of microbial phytase). Addition of phytase to the diets increased (linear and quadratic, P < 0.01) the ATTD of P in corn-SBM diets fed to both weanling and growing pigs. For weanling pigs the breakpoint for ATTD of P (68.4%) was reached at a phytase inclusion level of 1,016 FTU/kg, whereas for growing pigs the breakpoint for the ATTD of P (69.1%) was reached at a phytase inclusion level of 801 FTU/kg. In Exp. 6, the objectives were to measure the effects of graded levels of microbial phytase on the STTD of P in corn, DDGS, high protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG), and corn germ, and to develop regression equations to predict the response of adding phytase to each of these ingredients. Four corn based diets, 4 DDGS based diets, 4 HP-DDG based diets, and 4 corn germ based diets were formulated to contain 0, 500, 1,000, or 1,500 FTU/kg (Optiphos 2000, Enzyvia, Sheridan, IN) within each ingredient. A P-free diet was also formulated to measure the basal endogenous P losses. Addition of phytase increased (linear, P < 0.01; quadratic, P < 0.05) the STTD of P in corn and HP-DDG, increased (linear and quadratic, P < 0.01) the STTD of P in corn germ, and tended to increase (linear, P =0.07) the STTD of P in DDGS. Regression equations for the effect of added microbial phytase on the STTD of P in corn, HP-DDG, and corn germ were developed, and these equations may be used to predict the STTD of P in each ingredient when phytase is supplemented to diets that contain these ingredients. Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2010-04-14T14:48:38Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 1 Almeida_Ferdinando.pdf: 906092 bytes, checksum: 4b348b646499b25a89395c51336f39ef (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2010-05-19T18:38:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Almeida_Ferdinando.pdf: 906092 bytes, checksum: 4b348b646499b25a89395c51336f39ef (MD5) 1_Almeida_Ferdinando.pdf: 905629 bytes, checksum: 45732d1493f204533e7645943a37a05d (MD5) license.txt: 4068 bytes, checksum: d7496156a2050ef859f05a05bdd947d2 (MD5) Removed middle initial for Almeida to match other deposited items. Metdata cleaned/updated by kappleg2@illinois.edu 2015-5-13. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16136 en Copyright 2010 Ferdinando N. Almeida digestibility endogenous losses phosphorus phytase pig Effects of microbial phytase on the standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in soybean meal, corn, and corn co-products 2010-5 Animal Sciences 1538 Animal Sciences 0002 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Thesis M.S. MS:Animal Sciences -UIUC 10KS0002MS