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van Swol, Frank Frink, Laura Jane Douglas 2011-05-07T13:44:30Z 2011-05-07T13:44:30Z 10000-01-01 1995 This thesis presents a new framework for studying colloidal forces. This framework combines accurate density functional theories for calculating potentials of mean force (or solvation potentials) with McMillian-Mayer theory. Furthermore, combined density functional theory and simulation methods were developed to study solvation transitions and crystallization in neutral solvation controlled systems. These calculations highlighted the independent roles of a mechanical osmotic stress and the solvent chemical potential in manipulating the solvation state of (bio)colloidal systems. While many experimental systems do not rigorously treat these variables as independent, such experiments have been proposed. In addition to studying the general features of solvation control in the parallel cube model, some specific molecular features of the macromolecules have been considered. Randomly rough surfaces with the characteristic roughness on the order of the solvent molecule diameter are shown to destroy solvation structuring. In contrast, periodic roughness commensurate with the size of the solvent molecules stabilizes solvation effects as the solvent fills in the gaps making the surface effectively smooth. Finally, charged systems were considered with the specific goal of applying the new colloidal force framework to a study of the swelling of vermiculite clays. In contrast with the classical theories, the ensemble of the solvation framework provides for chemical equilibrium between a confined solution and a bulk solution in addition to mechanical equilibrium for the clay particles. A weak-gas density functional theory confirmed the existence of a long range attraction with electrostatic origins, and demonstrated that trends similar to experimental results could be predicted. It is important to note that electrostatics can be thought of as a subset of the solvation theory, and ions should be treated on an equal footing with the solvent when calculating solvation potentials. In contrast, direct forces (e.g. van der Waals) forces are not part of the solvation potential, but rather are added to the solvation potential when assessing the total interaction between two colloids through a charged medium. Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:44:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9543588.pdf: 5490847 bytes, checksum: 88dfbdb2d1d682c0441d813ac827060c (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995 Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:58:35Z Item is restricted indefinitely. Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:27:34-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission U of I Only AAI9543588 (UMI)AAI9543588 http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22581 eng Copyright 1995 Frink, Laura Jane Douglas Chemistry, Physical Engineering, Materials Science A comprehensive solvation theory for colloidal forces with application to both neutral and charged systems text Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Dissertation Ph.D.