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oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/29509 2023-07-10 col_2142_14855 col_2142_5131 com_2142_14854 com_2142_14793 com_2142_8903 com_2142_5130

Wang, Fei Belmont, Andrew S. Wang, Fei Chen, Jie Newmark, Phillip A. Xiang, Yang Shin, Myung Eun 2012-02-01T00:49:57Z 2014-02-01T11:00:32Z 2012-02-01T00:49:57Z 2011-12 Despite recent advances in our understanding of biochemical regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis, little is known about how mechanical factors control neutrophils’ persistent polarity and rapid motility. Here, by using a human neutrophil-like cell line and human primary neutrophils, we describe a dynamic spatiotemporal pattern of tractions in neutrophils during chemotaxis. Tractions are located at both the leading and the trailing edge of neutrophils, where they oscillate with a defined periodicity. Interestingly, traction oscillations at the leading and the trailing edge are out of phase with the tractions at the front leading those at the back, suggesting a temporal mechanism that coordinates leading edge and trailing edge activities. The magnitude and periodicity of tractions depend upon the activity of non-muscle myosin IIA. Specifically, traction development at the leading edge requires myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)-mediated myosin II contractility and is necessary for α5β1-integrin activation and leading edge adhesion. Localized myosin II activation induced by spatially activated small GTPase Rho and its downstream kinase p160-ROCK, as previously reported, leads to contraction of actin-myosin II complexes at the trailing edge, causing it to de-adhere. Our data identify a key biomechanical mechanism for persistent cell polarity and motility. Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2011-08-19T15:24:07Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 14 Shin_Myung Eun.doc: 2302976 bytes, checksum: 00565228a1e79df1309c5c344ca26225 (MD5) Shin_Myung Eun.pdf: 1889960 bytes, checksum: 198e999b0cb4c8cc51c5cff951b1eacb (MD5) Supplementary Movie S12.mov: 3561875 bytes, checksum: 07b8086ac912a9db3e99228c6196847b (MD5) Supplementary Movie S11.mov: 52662 bytes, checksum: da12cc2dca3d4d3f8efe3abaa54989f4 (MD5) Supplementary Movie S10.mov: 61032 bytes, checksum: c22fcf607bad4577cde13da479ba52c1 (MD5) Supplementary Movie S9.mov: 4188285 bytes, checksum: e3f485811e207f0d62bb4ca53220a0e5 (MD5) Supplementary Movie S8.mov: 5570185 bytes, checksum: f43e59477dae6f1a7a8942553d3d1140 (MD5) Supplementary Movie S7.mov: 979345 bytes, checksum: 3bfbbd814f5a20388812cc459dd1bb6a (MD5) Supplementary movie S6.mov: 2446897 bytes, checksum: 934e1a3071afe16e7d070262c1965cb1 (MD5) Supplementary Movie S5.mov: 2768341 bytes, checksum: ab82154608f2a24864dcb07f8c91b49c (MD5) Supplementary Movie S4.mov: 3098893 bytes, checksum: dfb374c83c3a43b93f8f7ae61ea1207a (MD5) Supplementary Movie S3.mov: 780109 bytes, checksum: 05e848b14f264d0a8587855cb8d25eb6 (MD5) Supplementary Movie S2.mov: 583800 bytes, checksum: ed4908c43b848c57aae145655f9ed54e (MD5) Supplementary Movie S1.mov: 4932155 bytes, checksum: dabf5dac66cb8e97ddc079f54470f594 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2012-02-01T00:49:57Z (GMT). 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