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Newmark, Phillip A. Lutz, Claudia 2013-02-03T19:17:38Z 2013-02-03T19:17:38Z 2015-02-03T11:00:44Z 2012-12 Robinson, Gene E. Robinson, Gene E. Clayton, David F. Korol, Donna L. 2013-02-03T19:17:38Z 2012-12 An important goal of neuroscience research is to discover molecular processes that enable persistent neuroplasticity in the adult and aging brain. In many species, some types of neuroplasticity typically decrease with age. Honey bees and other social hymenopterans, however, exhibit a reinstatement of structural plasticity in association with flight and foraging behavior. Adult plasticity in these species often includes growth and remodeling of processes in the mushroom bodies, a paired region of the insect brain involved in sensory integration, learning and memory. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) learn to navigate in the environment surrounding the hive by performing orientation flights for several days before they begin to forage; both orientation flights and foraging are cognitively challenging behaviors. Honey bee mushroom bodies show increases in neuropil volume coincident with the increased cognitive demands of orientation flights and foraging behavior, and treatment with pilocarpine, a muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonist, produces growth of the mushroom body neuropil comparable to that produced by maturation and foraging. I have examined molecular processes associated with flight and foraging experience in the mushroom bodies of honey bees to discover mechanisms that may support neuropil growth. Foraging experience regulates multiple molecular processes in the mushroom bodies, including some that may contribute directly to neuropil growth, and others that could potentially protect the brain from the effects of aging and physiological stress. My investigation of a specific behavior, the orientation flight, found that this experience triggers a rapid and transient upregulation of egr in the mushroom bodies. Egr is a homolog of egr-1, an immediate-early gene well known to respond to novel experience that also exhibits higher basal levels in brain regions undergoing development or remodeling in vertebrates. I found that egr expression was upregulated in bees prepared to perform orientation flights and in foragers relative to hive bees engaged in brood care, and established its plausibility as a link between muscarinic signaling and neuropil growth. Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2012-11-27T14:48:33Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 1 Lutz_Claudia.pdf: 937553 bytes, checksum: ad042e0675d939e8136dc0a586fbc68c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-02-03T19:17:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Claudia_Lutz.pdf: 937795 bytes, checksum: 6f620093ba975a067178c676e1968e45 (MD5) license.txt: 4061 bytes, checksum: 9806f1801179f42caa53fc46a27027ec (MD5) Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Seth Robbins (srobbins@illinois.edu) on 2013-02-03T19:19:02Z Item is restricted until 2015-02-03T19:18:53Z Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:11:55-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: 2015-02-03 13:18:53 UTC Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 42100 on 2015-02-03T11:00:44Z. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/42153 en Contents of Chapter 2 were previously published in Developmental Neurobiology, and copyright has been transferred to Wiley-Blackwell. A blanket permission to reprint first author material as part of a thesis is listed here: http://authorservices.wiley.com/bauthor/faqs_copyright.asp#1.7. All other contents copyright 2012 Claudia Lutz. Honey bees mushroom bodies gene expression neuroplasticity Transcriptional response to spatial learning and foraging in honey bees: molecular bases for adult neuroplasticity text School of Molecular & Cell Bio 1415 Neuroscience 0323 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Dissertation Ph.D. PHD:Neuroscience -UIUC 10KS0323PHD