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Van Alsten, John Gregg 2014-12-15T19:54:29Z 2014-12-15T19:54:29Z 10000-01-01 1986 1986 The structural dependence of the solubility of nonvolatile compounds in compressed supercritical fluids has been investigated. Within pure, nonpolar supercritical solvents the predominant factor determining solubility is the volatility of the solute at the solution temperature. Of secondary importance is the effect of solute size, with larger solutes showing greater solubility enhancements, as defined by the dimensionless enhancement factor. Little influence of the solute polarity is observed. These factors are shown to make pure supercritical fluids poor separation solvents for solute mixtures of solids with similar sizes and volatilities. Solubilities of six solid solutes were measured in supercritical carbon dioxide which had been doped with small quantities of methanol or acetone. These "entrainer-doped" solvents gave large increases in the solvent loading and, in contrast to pure fluids, this increase was sensitive to the solute structure. The mechanism for the observed increases is unclear, but may include such phenomena as hydrogen bonding and dipolar coupling. An entrainer doped fluid was also shown to be superior to a pure solvent in selectivity, offering potential for improved performance as a separation solvent. Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-15T19:54:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8610989.pdf: 3202053 bytes, checksum: bf3d0e807905819d28d18bc727e8eaf3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1986 Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 69933 Lift date: Forever Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs U of I Only 137 p. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/69767 (UMI)AAI8610989 Engineering, Chemical Structural and Functional Effects in Solutions With Pure and Entrainer-Doped Supercritical Solvents text Chemical Engineering Chemical Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Dissertation Ph.D.