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oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/84937 2023-07-11 col_2142_5131 col_2142_14797 com_2142_5130 com_2142_14796 com_2142_397

Kelly A. Tappenden Bartholome, Anne Louise 2015-09-25T22:31:03Z 2015-09-25T22:31:03Z 10000-01-01 2004 2004 In 2002, 43% of the ∼470,822 preterm infants were born at a low birth weight. These infants have a higher risk for intestinal dysfunctions indicating the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to meet their nutritional needs. Despite its benefits, TPN is associated with many complications; hence, treatments aimed at minimizing the need for TPN are necessary. Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) may be a therapeutic agent as it reduces TPN associated atrophy and increases enzyme and transporter activity. To examine this, we coinfused GLP-2 with TPN and found increased ileal mRNA and protein abundance of the brush border sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter, SGLT-1. However, the minimum effective dose that is necessary to enhance intestinal function is unknown. Therefore, GLP-2 was coinfused with TPN at three physiological doses: low, moderate and high. Results show that the mRNA abundance of the basolateral sodium-independent glucose transporter, GLUT2, was increased to enteral levels by all GLP-2 doses. Furthermore, the low GLP-2 dose increased brush border membrane (BBM) protein abundance of GLUT2. This increase corresponded with an increase in glucose uptake, indicating that GLP-2 may be enhancing neonatal intestinal function through the translocation of GLUT2 from the basolateral to the BBM. Systemic short-chain fatty acids and dietary fiber are reported to stimulate the secretion of GLP-2. Therefore, we supplemented TPN with butyrate and found increases in structural adaptation. The most marked effects were in the intestinal epithelium, with increased crypt-villus architecture resulting from increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Additionally, butyrate increased the plasma GLP-2 concentration through a rapid and specific increase in ileal and colonic mRNA abundance of proglucagon, the gene that encodes GLP-2. Thus, GLP-2 may mediate the intestinotrophic effects of butyrate. Further evidence for the intestinotrophic effects of GLP-2 was investigated using a degradation-resistant GLP-2 analog, teduglutide, in adult patients with short-bowel syndrome. Teduglutide increased crypt-villus architecture, glucose and glutamine transport and the protein expression of nutrient transporters. The provision of GLP-2 and supplementation of TPN with butyrate, which augments endogenous levels of GLP-2, may benefit patients with intestinal dysfunctions by maximizing their intestinal absorptive capacity, thereby enabling them to successfully transition to enteral feedings. Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T22:31:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4848 bytes, checksum: 96035ab3f5e1c23cc7138a224ce498bd (MD5) 3153243.pdf: 13266719 bytes, checksum: e146f842d8db359003493684e22b453f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 86218 Lift date: Forever Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs U of I Only 212 p. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/84937 (MiAaPQ)AAI3153243 eng Health Sciences, Human Development Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Glucagon -Like Peptide-2 Enhance Intestinal Development and Adaptation text Nutritional Sciences Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Dissertation Ph.D.