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oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/98226 2023-07-11 col_2142_11614 col_2142_5131 com_2142_11613 com_2142_8903 com_2142_5130

Cimpian, Andrei Cimpian, Andrei Hummel, John Pomerantz, Eva Brewer, William Hyde, Daniel Livengood, Jonathan Horne, Zachary S 2017-09-29T16:39:05Z 2017-09-29T16:39:05Z 2019-09-30T09:15:14Z 2017-06-07 2017-08 Although scientific reasoning is usually deliberate, it may also be influenced by the intuitive processes involved in everyday reasoning. Here, I investigated whether explanatory heuristic processes biased towards inherence (that is, the tendency to oversample easily-accessible inherent facts; Cimpian & Salomon, 2014) influence scientific explanation. Across seven studies, children and adults (N = 1,455) explained outcomes of unfamiliar experiments in physics, biology, and chemistry predominantly in terms of inherent features. These inherence-biased explanations exhibited multiple signatures of heuristic reasoning (e.g., they decreased with age and time spent deliberating). Strikingly, I also found traces of this bias toward inherence in initial explanations of phenomena from the history of science (e.g., phlogiston explains combustion); these historical explanations were obtained via a survey of historians of science and were coded by hypothesis-blind researchers. These findings suggest that scientific explanation may be influenced by the same inherence heuristic that biases everyday explanation. Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2019-08-01 The student, Zachary Horne, accepted the attached license on 2017-06-06 at 18:01. The student, Zachary Horne, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-06-06 at 18:11. This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-06-07 at 16:19. DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11197 on 2017-09-29 at 11:13:27 Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-29T16:39:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 HORNE-DISSERTATION-2017.pdf: 913588 bytes, checksum: fc4b642c17a4bcd1bd33ae3baf99f1a6 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4210 bytes, checksum: c6c94984dc32ad1a009010975318fc0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-07 Embargo set by: Colleen Fallaw for item 103373 Lift date: 2019-09-29T16:39:52Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system Embargo set by: Colleen Fallaw for item 103373 Lift date: 2019-09-29T17:52:45Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system Limited Restriction Lifted for Item 103373 on 2019-09-30T09:15:14Z. application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2142/98226 en Copyright 2017 Zachary Horne Explanation Psychology Reasoning Heuristics The influence of an inherence heuristic on scientific explanation text text Psychology Psychology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Dissertation Ph.D.