University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

The assessment of standing balance with smartphone technology for the prevention of falls in older adults

Roeing, Kathleen L.

Content Files
ROEING-THESIS-2017.pdf

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/98386

Description

Title
The assessment of standing balance with smartphone technology for the prevention of falls in older adults
Author(s)
Roeing, Kathleen L.
Issue Date
2017-07-17
Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)
Sosnoff, Jacob J.
Department of Study
Kinesiology & Community Health
Discipline
Kinesiology
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
M.S.
Degree Level
Thesis
Date of Ingest
2017-09-29T17:56:47Z
Keyword(s)
  • Falls
  • Older adults
Abstract
One in three adults over the age of 65 will fall in a year, and falls are the leading cause of accidental injury and injury related deaths in this population. Preventative measures to reduce falls include multifactorial fall risk assessments. Balance impairment is routinely used as a measure of fall risk. However, balance assessments require expensive research-grade equipment or clinical expertise. Mobile devices, such as smartphones, provide a potential platform for accessible and inexpensive fall risk assessments. Prior to being implemented in the fall prevention strategies, the concurrent validity, reliability, and usability of such devices needs to be established. The purpose of this thesis was to determine the concurrent validity of a novel smartphone based balance assessment application. Concurrent validity of the novel smartphone balance application was determined by comparing its ability to distinguish the standing balance of young healthy adults (n=15), older adults with low fall risk (as determined by the physiological profile assessment; n=13), and older adults with high fall risk (as determined by the physiological profile assessment; n=17) to the gold standard (force platform). The application was tested under seven different static balance conditions. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to determine differences between groups on both force platform and smartphone measures. Spearman rank-order correlations were used to evaluate the relationship between force platform and smartphone measures. The Berg Balance Scale, Force platform measures (MVAP and MVRAD), and smartphone measures (Max Accel Y and RMS X) were able to distinguish between low risk and high risk older adults (p≤.05). Spearman rank-order correlations demonstrated 32 moderate correlations (.5≤ρ≤.7) and 9 strong correlations (ρ≥.7) between force platform and smartphone measures. Eight high fall risk older adults were unable to complete all balance conditions, of those five were unable to complete multiple balance conditions. Differences in failure rates were significant between low fall risk older adults and high fall risk older adults. Despite the positive failure rates, no adverse events were recorded. Future research should evaluate additional smartphone accelerometry measures’ ability to distinguish between fallers and non-fallers. It is concluded that smartphone based measures of balance are valid, and safe in older adults.
Graduation Semester
2017-08
Type of Resource
text
Permalink
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/98386
Copyright and License Information
Copyright 2017 Kathleen Roeing

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