Determination of standardized amino acid digestibility, metabolizable energy and phosphorus bioavailability in spray-dried bovine plasma fed to poultry

Khadour, Hassna Vannesa Namir

Permalink

https://hdl.handle.net/2142/109499 Copy

Description

Title

Determination of standardized amino acid digestibility, metabolizable energy and phosphorus bioavailability in spray-dried bovine plasma fed to poultry

Author(s)

Khadour, Hassna Vannesa Namir

Issue Date

2020-11-30

Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)

• Parsons , Carl M
• Emmert , Jason L

Department of Study

Animal Sciences

Discipline

Animal Sciences

Degree Granting Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Degree Name

M.S.

Degree Level

Thesis

Keyword(s)

• Spray-dried bovine plasma (SDBP)
• Metabolizable energy
• Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD)
• Phosphorus bioavailability

Abstract

Five experiments were conducted to determine amino acid (AA) digestibility, metabolizable energy, and P bioavailability of spray-dried bovine plasma (SDBP) in poultry diets. The first four experiments were conducted to determine metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility of SDBP in comparison with soybean meal (SBM) using roosters and broiler chicks. Experiments 1 and 2 were conducted using the 48-h precision-fed rooster (PFR) assay to determine standardized ileal AA digestibility (SIAAD) using cecectomized roosters and nitrogen corrected true metabolizable energy (TMEn) using conventional roosters. Roosters were fasted for 26 h then subsequently precision-fed 30 g of SDBP mixed with 50% corn, SBM mixed with 50% corn or 100% SBM. The SIAAD and TMEn for SDBP and SBM fed with corn were calculated by difference. Results from the PFR assay indicated that the mean SIAAD of SDBP was significantly higher (P<0.05) than SBM fed with corn and 100% SBM (94.03, 85.65 and 88.45%, respectively). The TMEn for SDBP was significantly higher (P<0.05) than SBM fed with corn and 100% SBM (3743, 2669 and 2880 kcal/kg DM, respectively). Experiment 3 was conducted using Ross male broiler chicks to determine nitrogen corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) of SDBP and SBM. Chicks were fed one of three diets: a corn-SBM reference diet, a 30% SDBP diet or a 30% SBM diet fed from d 7-10 or 18-21 with excreta being collected on d 10 and 21. The AMEn value for SDBP was significantly higher (P<0.05) than SBM at d 10 (3851 and 2089 kcal/kg DM, respectively) and d 21 (4239 and 2849 kcal/kg DM, respectively). Experiment 4 was also conducted using Ross male broiler chicks to determine SIAAD of SDBP and SBM. Chicks were fed one of two diets: a semi-purified diet containing 25% SDBP or a semi-purified diet containing 41% SBM fed from d 7-10 or 18-21. Ileal digesta were collected on d 10 and 21. The mean SIAAD showed an increase for SDBP compared with SBM (P<0.05) at both d 10 (95.5% and 83.5%, respectively) and d 21 (96.6% and 86.9%, respectively). Experiments 1-4 indicated that SDBP is highly digestible, regardless of type of assay or bird age. Experiment 5 was conducted to determine the relative bioavailability of P in SDBP relative to KH2PO4 in crossbred chicks (New Hampshire x Columbian) and commercial broiler chicks (Ross) using a tibia ash bone bioassay. Chicks were fed one of six experimental diets from 7-21 d of age. These diets included a P-deficient corn-SBM-cornstarch diet containing 0.15% non-phytate P, or that diet supplemented with 0.05%, 0.10% or 0.15% P from KH2PO4 and 4% and 8% SDBP. On d 21, the right tibia from each chick was collected and analyzed for ash. The bioavailability of P in SDBP relative to KH2PO4 was calculated using the slope-ratio multiple regression of tibia bone ash regressed on supplemental P intake from SDBP. The relative bioavailability value for SDBP did not significantly differ based on type of bird with the relative bioavailability values being 107% and 100% in crossbred and commercial chicks, respectively. The bioavailable P content in SDBP was calculated to be 1.57% and 1.47% for crossbred and commercial chicks, respectively. The results of this study indicated that the P in SDBP is completely bioavailable for chicks, regardless of type of bird.

Graduation Semester

2020-12

Type of Resource

Thesis

Permalink

http://hdl.handle.net/2142/109499

Copyright and License Information

Copyright 2020 Hassna Khadour

Owning Collections