Digestibility of energy and total dietary fiber by gestating and lactating sows but not reproductive performance are influenced by exogenous xylanase

Acosta Medellin, Jessica Paola

Permalink

https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117841 Copy

Description

Title

Digestibility of energy and total dietary fiber by gestating and lactating sows but not reproductive performance are influenced by exogenous xylanase

Author(s)

Acosta Medellin, Jessica Paola

Issue Date

2022-12-08

Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)

Stein, Hans H

Doctoral Committee Chair(s)

Pan, Yuan-Xian

Committee Member(s)

Cattai de Godoy, Maria

Department of Study

Nutritional Sciences

Discipline

Nutritional Sciences

Degree Granting Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Degree Name

M.S.

Degree Level

Thesis

Keyword(s)

• Dietary fiber
• Energy
• Sows
• Xylanase

Abstract

Because pigs lack fiber-digesting enzymes, addition of exogenous carbohydrases (e.g., xylanase) in diets for pigs may enhance hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds between monosaccharides in undigestible carbohydrates, increasing fiber fermentation and utilization of energy. Sows have larger digestive tracts than growing pigs, which allows feed to reside in the hindgut for longer timer; therefore, it is possible that exogenous enzymes may positively impact fermentation of fiber in sows. However, limited research on the efficacy of exogenous enzymes in diets fed to sows has been published. The objective of the research reported in this thesis was to test the hypothesis that exogenous xylanase added to diets for gestating and lactating sows will increase the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and total dietary fiber (TDF), increase concentrations of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME), and improve reproductive performance. Two diets for gestating and two diets for lactating sows containing corn, soybean meal, distillers dried grains with solubles, wheat middlings, and soybean hulls were formulated without or with 16,000 units per kg of exogenous xylanase. Diets were fed to gestating and lactating sows in two reproductive cycles. A total of 106 gilts and sows were randomly allotted to the two gestation diets 7 d after breeding in a randomized complete block design with 4 blocks. From 98 sows confirmed pregnant on d 30, 48 sows (24 replicates per treatment, 12 sows per block) were placed in metabolism crates on d 35 (mid-gestation) for 10 d with feces and urine collected for 4 d. The same 48 sows were placed in metabolism crates again on d 95 (late-gestation). All sows were moved to the lactation unit on d 106 and lactation diet feeding was initiated. Fecal samples were collected for 5 d starting on d 10 post-farrowing via grab sampling. Body weight and feed intake of the sows at the beginning of the experiment, at the beginning and conclusion of each collection period, at farrowing and at weaning was recorded. Pigs were weaned on d 20 and 63 sows were rebred. Of these sows, 46 sows were placed in metabolism crates on d 35 and 95 as in the first cycle, and treatments in the farrowing unit were also as in the first cycle. Sow and litter performance was recorded in each lactation period, and the ATTD of DM, GE, insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and TDF were calculated for each gestation period and each lactation period. Concentrations of DE and ME in gestation and De in lactation were also calculated for each diet. Results indicated that the performance of sows and litters was not different between sows fed control diets or diets with xylanase during the two reproductive cycles. In the first cycle, the ATTD of DM, IDF, and TDF in late-gestation were greater (P < 0.05) in sows fed the xylanase-diet compared with sows fed the control diet. During the first lactation period, sows fed the xylanase-diet had greater (P < 0.05) ATTD of DM, GE, and TDF, and greater (P < 0.05) DE than sows fed the control diet. During the second gestation period, sows fed the xylanase-diet had greater (P < 0.05) DE in mid-gestation, and xylanase increased (P < 0.05) ATTD of DM and tended to increase (P < 0.10) DE in late-gestation. During the second lactation period, sows fed the xylanase-diet had greater (P < 0.05) ATTD of DM, GE, IDF, and TDF, and greater (P < 0.05) DE than sows fed the control diet. In conclusion, DE was greater in gestation and lactation diets containing xylanase than in control diets during two reproductive cycles, and sows fed lactation diets with xylanase had greater digestibility of fiber.

Graduation Semester

2022-12

Type of Resource

Thesis

Copyright and License Information

Copyright 2022 Jessica Paola Acosta Medellin

Owning Collections