Fuel minimization of a moving vehicle in suburban traffic

Galpin, Thomas

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/42238 Copy

Description

Title

Fuel minimization of a moving vehicle in suburban traffic

Author(s)

Galpin, Thomas

Issue Date

2012-12

Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)

Voulgaris, Petros G.

Department of Study

Aerospace Engineering

Discipline

Aerospace Engineering

Degree Granting Institution

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Degree Name

M.S.

Degree Level

Thesis

Keyword(s)

• Fuel minimization
• optimization
• shortest path problem
• Dijkstra's algorithm
• traffic light

Abstract

"In this thesis we study how a driver could use traffic light information in order to adapt his speed profile to save fuel. The mission is given by a final destination to reach (through a set of traffic lights) within a specific deadline and the objective is to minimize the fuel consumption. We assume that the speed between each traffic light is constant and we do not take into account the effects of acceleration and gear shifting. Also, we use an existing model for the fuel consumption which depends quadratically on the speed of the vehicle. For simple cases (one traffic light), we derive analytical results using basic optimization theory and the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) necessary conditions for optimality. Thus, we show that the best strategy is not to wait at a traffic light. This is basically due to the low fuel efficiency at slow speeds. However, for more complex and realistic cases (with more traffic lights), it seems hard to obtain analytical results. Therefore, we use Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm to discretize our decision problem. By ""setting nodes"" at each distance where there is a traffic light, we can model a realistic situation with an equivalent discrete graph with non negative edge costs. Each node represents a set of coordinates (time and distance from the origin) and the weight between two nodes is the fuel consumption to go from one node to another node. Dijkstra's algorithm finds the shortest path to go from a source to a destination and therefore it gives the optimal speed profile with respect to fuel minimization. We applied this approach to both fuel minimization and time minimization problems. We also compare the optimization policy found by Dijkstra's algorithm with the one step ahead policy (minimization at each step without knowing the future). We observed that in certain cases, the optimal speed profile found with Dijkstra's algorithm and the one found with one step ahead optimization are the same. This is interesting for two reasons. First, Dijkstra's algorithm is computationally expensive as opposed to one step ahead optimization. Second, Dijkstra's algorithm requires to know all the information of traffic lights (timing and distance data) whereas one step ahead optimization only needs the information of the next traffic light."

Graduation Semester

2012-12

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http://hdl.handle.net/2142/42238

Copyright and License Information

Copyright 2012 Thomas Philippe Henri

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