Spatial Econometric Modeling of Urban Spatial Structure of Chicago and Seoul in the 1990s: Agglomeration Economies, Information Technology and Commuting
Sohn, Jungyul
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/85141
Description
Title
Spatial Econometric Modeling of Urban Spatial Structure of Chicago and Seoul in the 1990s: Agglomeration Economies, Information Technology and Commuting
Author(s)
Sohn, Jungyul
Issue Date
2002
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Hewings, Geoffrey J.D.
Department of Study
Geography
Discipline
Geography
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Economics, General
Language
eng
Abstract
Chicago and Seoul have a few key features in common in the past and the current urban development path. In this respect, it is interesting to examine and compare whether the two cities share the similar type of urban spatial structure as well corresponding to the similarity in an urban economic aspect. By developing a spatial econometric framework, the proposed research aims to investigate the changing pattern of the urban spatial structure in Chicago and Seoul in the 1990s, focusing on several factors considered as the major driving forces of the location/distribution of economic activities: agglomeration economies, information technology, center-orientedness and commuting. The first analysis examines whether agglomeration economies are prominent in shaping urban spatial structure using a simultaneous equation framework. It is found that urbanization economies are prominent between manufacturing and retail and between services and retail, but not between manufacturing and services. It is also found that localization economies work as an incentive in Chicago, but not in Seoul. The second analysis investigates in what way the new IT has an influence on the spatial distribution pattern of firms and whether firms have a tendency to be in or near the city centers by adopting two types of regression models: attraction and spillover for each economic sector. The result provides that a higher level of attraction is induced by IT for all three sectors. It also shows that manufacturing and service firms prefer to stay near the city center. The last analysis explores whether urban spatial structure is explained well by commuting patterns using an adjusted gravity models with location constraints. It is found that while the current commuting pattern shows the dominance of the inner commuting in the core, the variation not explained by the standard gravity model reveals potential dominance of outbound commuting in Chicago and inner commuting in Seoul, implying a higher level of polycentricity in Chicago and a higher level of monocentricity in Seoul, respectively.
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