Kinematic and Thermodynamic Effects on Liquid Lithium Sputtering
Allain, Jean Paul
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Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2142/85891
Description
Title
Kinematic and Thermodynamic Effects on Liquid Lithium Sputtering
Author(s)
Allain, Jean Paul
Issue Date
2001
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Ruzic, David N.
Department of Study
Nuclear Engineering
Discipline
Nuclear Engineering
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Date of Ingest
2015-09-28T14:50:54Z
Keyword(s)
Engineering, Nuclear
Language
eng
Abstract
Results suggest that preferential sputtering of deuterium atoms over lithium atoms in D-treated samples significantly decrease the absolute sputtering yield of lithium by at least 60% in the case of He+ bombardment. The secondary sputtered ion fraction for lithium bombardment has been measured for a variety of incident particle energies and sample temperatures. The fractions measured vary from 55--70%. Liquid lithium sputtering at or just above the melting point shows little difference between solid and liquid phase sputtering. As the temperature is raised a non-linear enhancement is noted in the lithium-sputtering yield from various bombardment conditions for both liquid lithium and liquid tin-lithium. The enhancement measured in IIAX is caused by a combination of temperature-dependent effects. In addition, the evaporation flux measured in IIAX indicates coverage by segregated oxygen from the sample bulk. Other results include lithium-sputtering results under high-flux conditions (i.e. tokamak exposures) are consistent with lithium sputtering results in IIAX for solid lithium and temperatures near or at the melting temperature. All experimental results are complemented with Monte Carlo simulations using VFTRIM-3D, where a fractal dimension equal to 2.00, consistent with a flat surface, is used for the liquid phase cases. In addition to simulations analytical and semi-empirical models have been developed to help explain lithium-sputtering reductions by deuterium treatment and lithium-sputtering enhancement by possible thermal or displacement spike effects, among other mechanisms.
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