Soybean Response and Weed Control With Flumioxazin, and Sorption, Degradation, and Weed Control With Isoxaflutole
Lovell, Sarah Taylor
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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/87690
Description
Title
Soybean Response and Weed Control With Flumioxazin, and Sorption, Degradation, and Weed Control With Isoxaflutole
Author(s)
Lovell, Sarah Taylor
Issue Date
2000
Doctoral Committee Chair(s)
Wax, Loyd M.
Department of Study
Agronomy
Discipline
Agronomy
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
Ph.D.
Degree Level
Dissertation
Keyword(s)
Agriculture, Soil Science
Language
eng
Abstract
Isoxaflutole is a new herbicide for selective use in field corn to control a wide range of grass and broadleaf species. It exhibits a new mode of action, inhibition of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, an enzyme found in the pathway for carotenoid biosynthesis. In field studies conducted in 1998 and 1999 at Urbana and Dekalb, a wide range of isoxaflutole rates were tank-mixed with S-metolachlor/atrazine to compare velvetleaf density, weed control, corn injury, and corn yield. Herbicide applications were made at three different timings: early preplant, preplant incorporated, and preemergence. The environmental fate of isoxaflutole was characterized in sorption and degradation studies. In a qualitative kinetic evaluation, the hydrolysis of isoxaflutole was found to be more rapid in a soil solution than in a soil-free system. The sorption of isoxaflutole was 6 to 12-fold greater for isoxaflutole than diketonitrile based on Freundlich Kd values calculated from batch isotherms. The effect of moisture, temperature, and biological activity on isoxaflutole degradation was investigated in 56-day laboratory incubations. In the soil, isoxaflutole rapidly hydrolyzed to diketonitrile, which was subsequently metabolized to the inactive benzoic acid derivative. Degradation was moisture and temperature dependent. In sterile soil, the conversion of isoxaflutole to diketonitrile was similar to non-sterile soil, but the transformation of diketonitrile to benzoic acid and the production of unknown products were greatly reduced.
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