University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Evaluation of Lysobacter enzymogenes C3 for control of soybean fungal diseases

Nian, Jeffrey L

Content Files
NIAN-THESIS-2015.pdf

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https://hdl.handle.net/2142/89235

Description

Title
Evaluation of Lysobacter enzymogenes C3 for control of soybean fungal diseases
Author(s)
Nian, Jeffrey L
Issue Date
2015-12-11
Director of Research (if dissertation) or Advisor (if thesis)
  • Bradley, Carl A.
  • Zhao, Youfu
Department of Study
Crop Sciences
Discipline
Crop Sciences
Degree Granting Institution
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Degree Name
M.S.
Degree Level
Thesis
Date of Ingest
2016-03-02T21:07:09Z
Keyword(s)
  • biological control
  • biocontrol
  • lysobacter
  • enzymogenes
  • C3
  • soybean
  • fungal
  • pathogens
  • oomycetes
  • in vitro
  • greenhouse
  • bacteria
Abstract
Fungal and oomycete diseases can cause severe yield losses on soybean. These losses are typically managed by planting resistant cultivars, utilizing good cultural practices, and applying fungicides. However, because these methods rarely achieve complete control and demand is increasing for more environmentally-friendly management options, more research has focused on using biological control agents (BCA) to supplement conventional methods. One BCA that has shown biological control against various plant pathogens is Lysobacter enzymogenes C3 (LeC3), an ubiquitous bacterium that secretes numerous novel antimicrobials relevant to human drug therapies and crop protection. We first used in vitro assays to establish LeC3’s efficacy against the following soybean-pathogenic fungi and oomycetes: Cercospora sojina, Fusarium virguliforme, Macrophomina phaseolina, Phytophthora sojae, Pythium sylvaticum, Rhizoctonia solani, Septoria glycines, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Our experiments confirmed previous reports that antagonism arises from a broad spectrum of inhibition activities. Next, we evaluated LeC3 as a biological control agent on soybean hosts. We first used a test tube assay to evaluate LeC3 by seed treatment against seedling root pathogens: F. virguliforme, P. sojae, P. sylvaticum, and R. solani. We also utilized a detached leaf assay to evaluate LeC3 by spray treatment against foliar and stem pathogens C. sojina and S. sclerotiorum, respectively. We next evaluated biological control in greenhouse conditions using LeC3 as seed or soil drench treatments against sudden death syndrome (caused by F. virguliforme) and seedling blight and root rot (caused by R. solani); and spray treatment against frogeye leaf spot (caused by C. sojina) and white mold/stem rot (caused by S. sclerotiorum). Our findings showed successful biological control against several soybean diseases.
Graduation Semester
2015-12
Type of Resource
text
Permalink
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/89235
Copyright and License Information
Copyright 2015 Jeffrey Nian

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Graduate Dissertations and Theses at Illinois PRIMARY
Graduate Theses and Dissertations at Illinois
Dissertations and Theses - Crop Sciences